This is an acyrthosiphon aphid, sitting on the underneath of a pepper plant leaf. It's about 1mm long, and has been busy making a mess of and helping to kill leaves from the plant. The white spots it produces can be seen in the microscope image below.
Shown here is a leaf which has dropped from the plant and has dried out a bit, hence the black spots visible which are enlarged stomata. The white goo is produced by the aphids.
